I’ve been thinking–as I often do–about the distinction between “wrong” and “different.” Specifically, it’s on my mind as relates to both mental and physical health.
For instance, when I was growing up we knew that my father was “disabled,” and he even had a pin that said, “Disabled still means able!” Which always made perfect sense to me. After all, if the Starship Enterprise fires to disable another ship’s warp drive and weapons, the ship is still able. The warp drive has been disabled, but it’s still able to travel at impulse speeds. The weapons are disabled, but it’s still able to maintain life support systems. The ship isn’t destroyed, it only has certain systems disabled.
Or, to put that in less nerdy terms: one of my cars has a broken air conditioner. The other car has a broken muffler. Both cars are disabled, but neither of them are broken down. One has a disabled AC, the other has a disabled muffling system, but both are fully able to turn on and go and get me places. That doesn’t mean that they’re technically fully functional.
For the remainder of this to make sense, please understand that I am starting from certain assumptions–or more specifically, certain deeply held beliefs. If I am wrong about these things my entire reasoning falls apart, but, as is the case when one deeply believes something . . . I don’t think I’m wrong. Those assumptions are:
- Neurodiversity exists. That is, there is diversity not only in the overall abilities of people based on their brains, but in the actual wiring and structuring of those brains to far greater degrees than the neurotypical world tends to realize.
- Neurodiversity is not “broken” but is simply a different way of functioning. (There is too much written about this to link to, so here are a few of my favorite social media pages that celebrate neurodivergence: Neurodivergent Rebel, Unashamed Voices of Autism, Michael McCreary, Jenn has ADHD, Autie-Biographical Comics, Growing Up Autie, and for the one non-Facebook link, on TikTok I love CourtneyADHD.
- Society–or at least “western civilization” and many other cultures that have been influenced (rightly or wrongly, that’s no the topic of this post) by “western civilization”–is set up specifically to enable proper functionality between neurotypical brains. (See any of the above social media links for more on that too.)
So, I like to describe neurodiversity like this:
Think of brains as mini computers (which they kind of are, but also kind of not) which each run an operating system. Say there’s one operating system more common than any of the others. (Enough that people seem to believe it’s the operating system most brains run, but personally, I’m not sure we have enough information about all the different systems to know if it’s really more than 50% of the population, or if it’s just a greater percentage than any one other kind of system.) That more common system is the neurotypical operating system, so let’s call it NTOS.
Now, the divergent operating systems are not only one other kind–there are, for instance, several different kinds of systems even within the autism spectrum, then we throw in ADHD, possibly dyslexia and a few others (depending on who you ask), and maybe even others that haven’t been identified yet. But we’re not going to try to name each system, we’re just going to make it a category for all brains running any system that is not NTOS–those systems, collectively, we will call the neurodivergent operating systems, or NDOS.
Because the world is optimized for NTOS, brains running any variation of NDOS tend to have (to varying degrees) difficulty connecting into the overall network, or into certain parts of the network. They need additional patches to allow them to connect properly (medicines, therapies, various techniques) not because they have something wrong with them, but simply because they are connecting to something that wasn’t designed for their specific OS.
Now, not every difficulty connecting to the NTOS-optimized network comes from running an NDOS. Some of them come from bugs or malware–that is, various mental health problems, not just differences. Some of the individual brains may be put out with the bugs already in the system, others (probably most, though some may be more susceptible to security breeches that allow it to happen) have malware enter the OS and corrupt some factor. These are problems, and sometimes they can’t be completely fixed but they can have patches (medicines, therapies, techniques) that allow them to function within the overall network. If left unchecked, not only will functioning within that network be difficult, sometimes they can cause malware to be spread further (with unchecked toxic behavior stemming from the mental illness, for instance).
If you aren’t sure what I’m talking about with the malware and bugs, let’s look at a few things that people debate whether they’re just a differently-functioning brain or whether they’re an actual problem:
- depression
- anxiety
- Obsessive Compulsive Disorder
- any of the ten diagnosable personality disorders
So which things are generally (to most, except possibly those who think it’s a problem to be fixed rather than a different operating system) accepted as definitely neurodivergent–different but not bad?
- autism spectrum
- Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder
- dyslexia (though this one I’ve seen debated a little more often)
But here’s where it gets complicated:
When you turn on your (real, not metaphorical) computer, whether in the form of a laptop, desktop, tablet, or phone, it will tell you what operating system it runs. It’s running MacOS, or WindowsOS, or AndroidOS, or Apple iOS. Humans aren’t quite that obvious. Our mental OSes aren’t branded. Unfortunately, neither are our bugs or malware (which are less likely to be anyway of course). And some of the difficulties either of those have in patching into the NTOS-optimized network can look very similar. This is part of what leads some people to conflate them, and is also why they’re not always correctly identified as one or another.
Some people question why we need to “slap a label on everything” anyway. But as someone who has mental factors of the NDOS as well as some bugs/malware in the system, it’s important, not only to know they’re there, but to know the difference. I need to know that not everything going on in my brain is wrong. I also need to know that it’s not all right. I need to know what is actually fine but just doesn’t connect to the system well so I can learn the patches that allow me to connect into the system. I also need to know which things are wrong so I can do what I can (with the help of professionals as necessary, which is frequent for me) to fix it, and to figure out patches for the irreparably damaged parts.
This all brings me to why I’ve been thinking about this. I recently heard on a podcast about a story by H.G. Wells called The Country of the Blind. They said it’s one of his most famous stories and I definitely studied H.G. Wells in school so I’m surprised I’ve never heard of it, but I found it to read here and it’s fascinating and definitely thought-provoking. I’m just not sure everyone reaches the same conclusion I reached from it.
If you haven’t read it, I highly recommend clicking that link and reading it, but as a very quick overview:
There’s a village that encountered a disease that caused them all to go blind and an avalanche cut them off from the rest of the world, so this village existed in its own little valley that was now essentially a basin, and developed their entire society based on their needs and abilities with their 4 remaining senses, eventually (over 15 generations) forgetting that vision had ever existed. When an explorer fell off a cliff and, after waking from unconsciousness, found his way into the Country of the Blind, he remembered the proverb: “In the country of the blind, the one-eyed man is king.” Well, he had two eyes, so even better! He would be their king! Except of course, as the story went . . . he would not. In fact, he was regarded as insane because he kept talking about this thing that none of the rest of them could perceive, and about this outside world that they didn’t know existed since as far as they were concerned their basin surrounded by steep rocky walls was the entirety of the world. They had entire belief systems surrounding this and anything he said that didn’t make sense to them not only sounded crazy, but also challenged their personal beliefs. So the man with vision was not king, but was instead relegated to the lowest citizen, regarded as stupid and insane. (There’s more, but if you want the ending you’ll have to read it. š )
So the point of the story that a lot of people seem to take (from what I’ve found) is essentially the same thing that I was talking about way back at the beginning of this (becoming epic-length) post: “Disabled still means able,” “Not disabled but differently-abled,” etc. But the reality is . . . they lack vision. They do not suffer for their lack of vision, and I think one of the big difficulties people have in processing disabilities as not meaning invalid is in thinking that if they are disabled they therefore must be suffering. Deaf culture–an entire beautiful culture that has arisen out of not having a sense that most people do have–is vibrant evidence that it is possible to be missing something and not be suffering for it.
note: I am losing my hearing, but am not technically part of Deaf culture because I have always been hearing before, and my way of thinking is dictated by spending most of my life developing my neural pathways as a hearing person. I do, however, have a deep and abiding love and respect of Deaf culture. I am not commenting, can not comment, on the presence or absence of suffereng in any given d/Deaf person’s life, with or without regards to their d/Deafness, but am only saying that the culture, as a whole, is built on language and neural pathway development that have been determined by the 4 senses they do have without inclusion of the one missing, and that culture is not, in my limited experiences or observations, based on suffering.
In the Country of the Blind, the seeing man could not be king because he was in their country. Had he brought them back to his own country, optimized for the seeing, he would have been able to rule them with no problem (except that there was already a ruler there) but his desire to rule the moment he realized he had an apparent advantage over them (that turned out not to be an advantage in the country optimized for their own way of life) was, in itself, a significant problem. But had they been able to accept that he had one sense they did not, and had he been able to accept that even if they lacked that one sense that did not mean they suffered, how much he could have contributed to their society and also learned from them about how vision is not the entire meaning of life!
The brains running the NDOS so often (most of the time, in my observations) do not have a community, much less a world, optimized for their own mental operating systems. Unfortunately, the world often tells them that this is because they are set up “wrong” rather than that they are simply running a system that the network is not optimized for. Whether anyone is telling them that or not (and usually at least someone is) they can easily reach that conclusion on their own because everything feels wrong when trying to do it in this network they’re not optimized for. The trouble is, even if they are blessed to not live with significant traumas that often occur when people running NTOS identify that someone is not patching into the system correctly (ie. bullying, labeling them as malfunctional, etc.), there are still microaggressions just like any other minority can experience–things like, “Well why don’t you just do it then?” “Yeah, nobody likes having to organize stuff but it just needs to be done,” “Things can’t always go your way,” and of course the constant gaslighting of, “No, that’s not how that is.”
I’m not using this comparison to try to claim that neurodivergent people have additional senses that neurotypicals lack. I’m not saying they don’t either, I don’t know whether they do or not. I’ve only experienced life from my own perspective of my own operating system. But I can observe people who run other operating systems, I can see what they don’t struggle with, but I can also see what they do struggle with. They just happen to live in a world where many of their greater struggles are already accounted for, assumed to be part of life, and taken care of.
I also know what it’s like dealing with depression. All I can say is, if we used “physiodivergent” to describe physical disabilities, but not to describe every difference of body (because everyone is different of course), my lack of physical flexibility, my somewhat unique and ever-shifting eye color, and my freckles would not make me physiodivergent no matter how much they make up part of who I am. If I lost a limb, that would, no matter how much I learned to thrive in a life with three limbs instead of four.
My depression does not make me neurodivergent. My ADHD does. No matter what my struggles are, no matter which ways I thrive, they simply are not comparable contributing factors to who I am.